Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on fecal sludge resource recovery and reuse in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Abstract Resource recovery and reuse (RRR) of fecal sludge (FS) from onsite sanitation systems describes the concept turning human waste into valuable end products. However, studies on peoples' perceptions FS-derived products are still limited. Guided by knowledge, attitudes practices framework, data a survey 395 households, focus group discussions key informant interviews, this article explores how residents in three unplanned settlements Dar es Salaam, Tanzania view FS RRR (FS-RRR). Results indicate that residents' knowledge about FS-RRR is moderately low. Moreover, generally have negative toward using products, except for those not directly consumed, such as biogas or FS-briquettes. Additionally, only few engaged any practices. We conclude to increase local acceptance will require significant efforts multitude actors, least dispel myths linked waste, but also raise awareness demonstrate benefits safety The Tanzanian government must take lead process should start prioritizing improvement management (FSM) enable shift.